Since nobody could answer this question for me on the interwebs, I’m posting my solution here. I have a customized Planck keyboard layout with no capslock key, yet somehow on my Android (Pixel phone), I could only type in all caps. LIKE A SILLY PERSON. The problem wasn’t my keyboard, as I was able to type correctly once it was connected to a laptop. So here is how I solved the problem:

1. use on-screen keyboard (I use a G-board) on my phone to check that indeed, capslock was on for some reason
2. go to physical keyboard under settings and select the option to change modifying keys.
3. change the capslock so something I have on the board, like alt, change alt to capslock so that the two shortcuts don’t fight with each other
4. use the alternative key, in my case, alt, to turn off capslock. change the keys back.

All done!