The views expressed below are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Carr-Ryan Center for Human Rights or Harvard Kennedy School. These perspectives have been presented to encourage debate on important public policy challenges.  On April 16, 2025, the United Kingdom's Supreme Court issued a unanimous ruling interpreting the terms "woman" and "sex" under the Equality Act 2010 to refer strictly to biological sex assigned at birth.

The views expressed below are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Carr-Ryan Center for Human Rights or Harvard Kennedy School. These perspectives have been presented to encourage debate on important public policy challenges.  On April 16, 2025, the United Kingdom’s Supreme Court issued a unanimous ruling interpreting the terms “woman” and “sex” under the Equality Act 2010 to refer strictly to biological sex assigned at birth.